| 黄霞,金爽,李娇娇,等.西南少数民族地区人群离世地点的选择与影响因素调查[J].中国临床保健杂志,2021,24(5):675-679. |
| 西南少数民族地区人群离世地点的选择与影响因素调查 |
| The preference to place of death among residents in an ethnic minority inhabitant in southwest China |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-09 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2021.05.021 |
| 中文关键词: 临终关怀医疗 心理现象 心理学,社会 影响因素分析 少数民族 调查和问卷 |
| 英文关键词: Hospice care Psychological phenomena Psychology,social Root cause analysis Minority groups Surveys and questionnaires |
| 基金项目:米尔斯汀·亚美基金厄玛和保罗米尔斯坦老年健康项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查中国西南少数民族地区居民对于离世地点的选择及其影响因素,为推进中国安宁疗护服务提供参考。方法 采用自行设计问卷在西南地区进行方便抽样调查,收集受调查者的一般资料,对不可治愈疾病的救治意愿,以及对离世地点的偏好。结果 收回有效问卷3 950份。3 950例调查对象中,男性2 170例(54.9%)；1 815例(45.9%)＜30岁、2 042例(51.7%)在30~59岁,93例(2.4%)≥60岁；2 485例(62.9%)是少数民族；2 323例(58.8%)在农村居住。对于首选离世地点,1 469例(37.2%)选择在家中,684例(17.3%)选择在医院或临终关怀机构,1 797例(45.5%)回答“不知道”。logistic回归显示,对离世地点选择的影响因素为:男性、小学及以下文化程度、农村居住、无宗教信仰、偏爱土葬者,更愿意选择在家中离世。结论 在西南少数民族地区,近半数受调查者可能缺乏对死亡话题的思考或选择回避；在明确选择离世地点的人群中,更多人愿意在家中离世,可能受性别、文化程度、居住地点、宗教信仰及丧葬方式的影响。需要加强全社会的死亡教育,在社区居家医护服务中纳入善终服务。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate preferred place of death and factors associated with achieving this among ethnic minority residents in Southwest China.An understanding of its heterogeneity is important for promoting palliative care services in China.Methods Participants were recruited by convenient sampling in an ethnic inhabitant in Southwest China.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the general information of the participants,their willingness to treat incurable diseases,and their preferences for the place of death.Results Three thousand nine hundred and fifty valid questionnaires were collected.Among them,2 170 (54.9%) were males.1 815(45.9%) were under 30 years old,2 042(51.7%) were between 30 and 59 years old,93 were 60 years old or above.2 485(62.9%) were ethnic minorities.2 323(58.8%) lived in rural areas.For the preferred place of death,37.2% (n=1 469) chose home,17.3% (n=684) chose hospital or hospice institution,and 45.5% (n=1 797) answered "Don't know".Factors influencing the choice were gender,educational level,place of residence,religious belief and ways of funeral (P<0.05).Males(OR=1.860,95%CI:1.234-2.802),those with primary education or below(OR=2.090,95%CI:1.301-3.358),those living in rural areas(OR=1.710,95%CI:1.163-2.514),those having no religious belief(OR=1.750,95%CI:1.141-2.684) and those preferring to be buried in the ground (OR=2.060 ,95%CI:1.270-3.342) were more likely to choose to die at home.Conclusions Among those who clearly chose the place of their death,more people preferred to die at home,which may be influenced by gender,education level,place of residence,religious belief and ways of funeral.Nearly half of the participants may lack consideration.It is necessary to strengthen the death literacy in the region and incorporate the hospice service into the community home care. |
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