| 耿寅,高莉敏,杨锦彤,王玲.北京市社区老年人生命质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国临床保健杂志,2023,26(1):90-95. |
| 北京市社区老年人生命质量及其影响因素分析 |
| Analysis on the quality of life and its influencing factors of the elderly population in Beijing |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-27 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2023.01.020 |
| 中文关键词: 生活质量 影响因素分析 社区参与研究 北京 老年人 |
| 英文关键词: Quality of life Root cause analysis Community-based participatory research Beijing Aged 〖FL |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 978 |
| 全文下载次数: 2001 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨北京市社区老年人生命质量及其影响因素,为相关部门制定提高老年人生命质量的措施提供线索。方法 2013年1—4月及2020年11—12月采用随机抽样及偶遇抽样的方法,选取北京市顺义、怀柔、丰台、石景山、朝阳区各1个社区60岁及以上老年人为研究对象,以问卷调查及定性访谈的方式应用WHOQOL-BREF量表评价老年人的生命质量,采用多元线性回归分析其影响因素。结果 共调查1 198名老年人,其生命质量自评、健康状况自评、生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域得分分别为50.00(25.00)分、50.00(25.00)分、46.43(14.28)分、50.00(12.50)分、50.00(25.00)分、45.32(15.63)分,男、女性除生命质量自评得分的差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.196、P=0.028)外,其余维度得分差异均无统计学意义。多元线性回归结果显示,地区因素对于生命质量自评、生理领域以及环境领域的生命质量得分影响最大(B′=-0.287、0.161、0.260,P值均<0.001)；现患疾病数量对于健康状况自评得分影响最大(B′=0.098,P=0.001)；对心理领域和社会关系领域生命质量得分影响最大的因素分别为医疗负担和收入水平(B′=0.193、0.259,P值均<0.001)。结论 老年人的生命质量除与自身的生理因素有关,同时与社会关系、心理、环境等因素均存在联系,提高老年人生命质量需要综合考虑多方面的因素,采取有针对性的干预策略。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the quality of life and its influencing factors of the elderly in Beijing community,and to provide clues for relevant departments to formulate measures to improve the quality of life of the elderly.Methods From January to April 2013 and November to December 2020,the elderly aged 60 and over in Shunyi,Huairou,Fengtai,Shijingshan and Chaoyang districts of Beijing were selected as the research objects by random sampling and convenient sampling.The quality of life of the elderly was evaluated by WHOQOL-BREF scale by means of questionnaire and qualitative interview,and the influencing factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results A total of 1 198 elderly people were investigated.The scores of self-assessment of quality of life,self-assessment of health status,physiological field,psychological field,social relationship field and environmental field were 50.00 (25.00),50.00 (25.00),46.43 (14.28),50.00 (12.50),50.00 (25.00) and 45.32 (15.63),respectively There was no significant difference in the scores of other dimensions except the self-assessment scores of women′s quality of life (Z=-2.196,P=0.028).The results of multiple linear regression showed that regional factors had the greatest impact on the scores of self-assessment of quality of life,physiological field and environmental field (B′=-0.287,0.161,0.260,all P<0.001);the number of existing diseases had the greatest impact on the self-assessment score of health status (B′=0.098,P=0.001);the factors that had the greatest impact on the scores of quality of life in the field of psychology and social relations were medical burden and income level respectively (B′=0.193,0.259,all P＜0.001).Conclusions The quality of life in the elderly is not only related to their own physiological factors,but also related to social relations,psychology,environment and other factors.To improve the quality of life of the elderly,we need to comprehensively consider various factors and adopt targeted intervention strategies. |
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