| 顾辨辨,李静,李红旗,等.安徽省老年人发生跌倒的影响因素分析[J].中国临床保健杂志,2024,27(6):739-743. |
| 安徽省老年人发生跌倒的影响因素分析 |
| Analysis of the influencing factors of falls among elderly people in Anhui province |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-18 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2024.06.005 |
| 中文关键词: 意外跌倒 横断面研究 影响因素分析 老年人 |
| 英文关键词: Accidental falls Cross-sectional studies Root cause analysis Aged 〖FL |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解安徽省16个市60岁以上老年人跌倒的发生率,分析老年人发生跌倒的影响因素,为预防老年人跌倒提供依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,对安徽省16个市的60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查,记录老年人的一般资料、跌倒情况、视力与听力状况、患病情况,并通过日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、简易智力状态量表(MMSE)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、微营养评定法简表(MNA-SF),了解老年人的生理及心理状态,对可能与跌倒相关的变量进行单因素及多因素logistic回归分析。结果 调查的3 042例老年人中,跌倒发生率为10.59%(322/3 042),女性跌倒的发生率高于男性(11.68%比9.47%,P＜0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,70岁以上(OR=1.278,95%CI:1.095~1.492)、独居或养老机构居住(OR=1.143,95%CI:1.054~1.239)、日常生活能力受损(OR=1.272,95%CI:1.017~1.592)、抑郁状态(OR=1.991,95%CI:1.540~2.572)、营养不良(OR=1.261,95%CI:1.024~1.553)是跌倒发生的独立危险因素。而听力正常(OR=0.774,95%CI:0.615~0.974)、进行适度体育锻炼(OR=0.771,95%CI:0.619~0.959)则是跌倒的保护因素。结论 安徽省老年人跌倒发生率较我国其他地区稍低。改善抑郁状态、适当运动和营养支持有利于降低老年人跌倒的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the incidence of falls among the elderly over 60 years old in Anhui Province,explore the influencing factors of falls,and provide a theoretical basis for preventing falls in the elderly and formulate relevant preventive measures.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the elderly over 60 years old in 16 cities in Anhui Province by random sampling,and the general information,falls,vision,hearing conditions,and illness conditions of the elderly were recorded,and the information was collected through ADL scale,MMSE scale,GDS-15 scale,MNA-SF scale,to understand the physiological and psychological state of the elderly,and perform univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis on variables that may be related to falls.Results Among the 3 042 elderly people surveyed,the incidence of falls was 10.59% (322/3 042),and the incidence of falls in female was higher than that in male (11.68% vs 9.47%,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that over 70 years old (OR=1.278,95%CI:1.095-1.492),living alone or living in nursing homes (OR=1.143,95%CI:1.054-1.239),self-care disability (OR=1.272,95%CI:1.017-1.592),depression (OR=1.991,95%CI:1.540-2.572),malnutrition (OR=1.261,95%CI:1.024-1.553) were independent risk factors for falls.Normal hearing (OR=0.774,95%CI:0.615-0.974) and regular moderate physical activity (OR=0.771,95%CI:0.619-0.959) were protective factors for falls.Conclusions The incidence of falls in elderly people in Anhui Province is slightly lower than that in other areas in my country.Improving depression,appropriate exercise,and nutritional support are beneficial in reducing the incidence of falls in the elderly. |
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