| 张涛,梁量量,赵敬凯,等.细胞外囊泡在腹主动脉瘤中的作用机制研究进展[J].中国临床保健杂志,2026,29(2):172-178. |
| 细胞外囊泡在腹主动脉瘤中的作用机制研究进展 |
| Progress in the study of the mechanisms of extracellular vesicles in abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| 投稿时间：2026-03-05 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2026.02.006 |
| 中文关键词: 主动脉瘤,腹 细胞外囊泡 微RNAs 炎症 血管重塑 |
| 英文关键词: Aortic aneurysm,abdominal Extracellular vesicles MicroRNAs Inflammation Vascular remodeling Fund program:National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 27 |
| 全文下载次数: 34 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 腹主动脉瘤(AAA)是一种以腹主动脉局灶性扩张及易破裂高死亡风险为特征的血管疾病,其发生与进展涉及炎症细胞浸润、血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)凋亡与表型失衡、内皮功能障碍以及胞外基质(ECM)降解和重塑等多重病理过程。近年来,细胞外囊泡(EV)作为重要的细胞间通信载体备受关注。EV可稳定运输miRNA、lncRNA等非编码核酸及多类蛋白质,通过调控免疫反应、VSMC表型转换及血管壁重构等关键过程深度参与AAA的形成与发展。多项研究已揭示不同细胞来源EV在AAA中的特异性机制,并提示循环EV-miRNA具有作为液体活检生物标志物的潜在价值；来源于间充质干细胞的EV(MSC-EV)以及工程化EV在AAA的抗感染、抗凋亡和血管修复方面展现了令人鼓舞的治疗前景。本文系统综述EV在AAA发生与发展过程中的作用,以及近年来相关机制研究的最新进展,旨在为EV与AAA交叉领域的研究提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease characterized by focal dilation of the abdominal aorta and a high risk of rupture-related mortality.Its development involves multiple pathological processes,including inflammatory cell infiltration,vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis and phenotypic modulation,endothelial dysfunction,and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling.In recent years,extracellular vesicles (EV) have gained increasing attention as essential mediators of intercellular communication.EV can stably transport non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs and lncRNAs,as well as diverse proteins,thereby actively participating in AAA initiation and progression by regulating immune responses,VSMC phenotypic switching,and vascular wall remodeling.Accumulating evidences have demonstrated distinct mechanisms of EV derived from different cell types in AAA,and circulating EV-associated miRNAs have shown potential as liquid biopsy biomarkers.Moreover,mesenchymal stem cell-derived EV (MSC-EV) and engineered EV exhibit promising anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptotic,and vascular-repair effects in experimental AAA models.This review summarizes the roles of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis and progression of AAA and highlights recent mechanistic advances,aiming to provide scientific insights and reference directions for future research at the intersection of EV biology and AAA. |
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