| 刘尚昕,闫佳惠,徐冲,石婧,王淑君,刘永泉,马吉祥,李佳蔚,祁静,陈良侠,于普林,周白瑜.北京、山东两地老年人健康状况的调查研究[J].中国临床保健杂志,2023,26(3):321-326. |
| 北京、山东两地老年人健康状况的调查研究 |
| Investigation on the health status of the elderly in Beijing and Shandong area |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-24 |
| DOI：10.3969/J.issn.1672-6790.2023.03.008 |
| 中文关键词: 健康状况 老年人保健服务 卫生服务需求 健康教育 老年人 |
| 英文关键词: Health status Health services for the aged Health services needs and demand Health education Aged 〖FL |
| 基金项目:国家卫生健康委员会卫生健康标准项目(20201801) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 689 |
| 全文下载次数: 1831 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 从躯体、心理、社会多维度对我国老年人健康状况进行调查和分析,以了解我国老年人健康现状。方法 采用整群抽样方法,对北京市海淀区马连洼街道梅园社区和山东省潍坊青州市邵庄镇南王孔村667名≥60岁老年人[年龄(70.7±8.4)岁,男性282名,女性385名]以入户面对面询问方式进行横断面调查。采用自制调查问卷综合评估和分析老年人躯体、心理、社会和整体健康的状况。结果 老年人整体健康率为24.7%(165名),躯体、心理和社会健康率分别为69.6%(464名)、85.6%(571名)和28.3%(189名)。不同年龄组整体、躯体、心理和社会健康中不同健康状态比例差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.546、99.011、65.270和26.556)。在整体健康维度,全年龄组和60~＜70岁组健康比例总体间(χ2=6.552和12.964)和男性间(χ2=12.855和23.290)农村高于城市。在心理健康维度,70~＜80岁组基本健康比例女性高于男性(χ2=4.919)；全年龄组及70~＜80岁组基本健康比例农村高于城市(χ2=5.439和5.977)、农村女性高于城市女性(χ2=6.187和6.169)。在社会健康维度,≥80岁组不健康比例女性高于男性(χ2=5.485)；全年龄组总体间、男性间、女性间健康比例农村高于城市(χ2=8.390、9.801和7.397)；60~＜70岁组健康比例总体间、男性间农村高于城市(χ2=5.943和20.399),不健康比例城市女性高于农村女性(χ2=9.474)；70~＜80岁组基本健康比例总体间、女性间农村高于城市(χ2=7.075和1.049)；≥80岁组社会基本健康比例总体间、男性间农村高于城市(χ2=7.519和6.812),P值均<0.05。结论 老年人的整体、躯体、心理和社会健康状况随增龄变差；高年龄段老年女性心理和社会健康状况较老年男性差；农村老年人,尤其是低年龄段农村老年人整体健康状况好于城市老年人。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To evaluate and analyze the multidimensional health status of the elderly from physical health,mental health and social health,in order to understand the health status.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Meiyuan community,Malianwa Street,Haidian District of Beijing and the Nanwangkong village,Shaozhuang town,Qingzhou city,Weifang municipality,Shandong province.A total of 667 people aged 60 and above [mean aged (70.7±8.4) years,282 males,385 females] were enrolled by a cluster sampling method.All information of elderly residents was collected with a standardized structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview.The multidimensional health status of elderly people was evaluated and analyzed from physical health,mental health,social health and overall health.Results The overall health rate was 24.7% (165 cases),and the physical health,mental health and social health rates were 69.6% (464 cases),85.6% (571 cases) and 28.3% (189 cases),respectively.The proportions of unhealthy,basic healthy and healthy people in the overall and the dimensions of physical health,mental health and social health had significant differences in the different age groups (χ2=36.546,99.011,65.270 and 26.556).The overall health status was better in rural residents and rural males than in urban residents and urban males in the total age (χ2=6.552 and 12.964) and in the 60-＜70 years old groups (χ2=12.855 and 23.290).In the dimension of psychological health,the proportion of basic healthy people in the 70-＜80 years old group and the proportions of basic healthy people in the total age and the 70-＜80 years old groups were higher in rural residents than in urban residents (χ2=5.439 and 5.977),and in rural females than in urban females (χ2=6.187 and 6.169).In the dimension of social health,the proportion of unhealthy people aged ≥80 years old was higher in females than in males (χ2=5.485);the proportions of healthy people in the total age group were higher in rural residents,rural males and rural females than in urban residents,urban males and urban females,respectively (χ2=8.390,9.801 and 7.397);the proportion of healthy people in the 60-＜70 years old group were higher in rural residents and rural males than in urban residents and urban males (χ2=5.943 and 20.399);urban females had a higher proportion of unhealthy people than that of rural females in the 60-＜70 years old group (χ2=9.474);rural residents and rural females had a higher proportion of basic healthy people than that of urban residents and urban females in the 70-＜80 years old group (χ2=7.075 and 1.049);the proportion of basic healthy people in aged ≥80 years old group was higher in rural residents and rural males than in urban residents and urban males (χ2=7.519 and 6.812).All P<0.05.Conclusions The overall and physical health,mental health and social health of the elderly deteriorates with age.The psychological and social health status is worse in elderly females than in elderly males.The overall health status of the rural elderly,especially the rural elderly in the lower age group,is better than that of the urban elderly. |
|
查看全文
|
| 关闭 |
|
|
|